Enter the distance between network sites
Select the unit for distance measurement
Percentage to account for routing overhead and real-world conditions
One-way Latency
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milliseconds
Round-trip Time (RTT)
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milliseconds
Calculation Formula
One-way Latency = (Distance ÷ 124) × (1 + Fudge Factor %)
Round-trip Time (RTT) = One-way Latency × 2
About the Calculation
This calculator estimates network latency based on the theoretical speed of light in fiber optic cables.
- Speed of light in fiber: 124 miles/millisecond (199.65 km/ms)
- Fudge factor: Accounts for routing inefficiencies, equipment delays, and non-direct paths
- Typical fudge factors: 30-50% for terrestrial networks, 10-20% for direct fiber connections